This is intended to be a guide for your argument rather than be sent directly to someone (because they won’t read it).  Use the talking points, and click the green links for fact-checked, high-quality sources!  Put these points into your own words and back it up with good data.

The Argument for Black Lives Matter

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Photo by Koshu Kunii

Core Argument

Black Lives Matter is a peaceful activist movement created to protest the widespread, and measurable patterns of police brutality in the United States. While members of other races can obviously be affected by police brutality in specific instances, the police brutality conversation is centered around Black communities because they are disproportionately affected by policy remnants from the Post-slavery and Civil Rights Eras, as well as the ongoing effects of racially inbalanced laws from the War on Drugs.

Common Responses and Refutations

Why not “All Lives Matter” ?

When people say this, they assume the movement is somehow reductive or aggressive; that it is trying to take something away from anyone else – that is the part you’ll have to refute.  Analogies often shared on social media such as these are helpful here:

“Would you go to a cancer walk and say ‘All Diseases Matter’?” 

“On 9/11, would you say ‘All Buildings Matter’?”

While all lives do matter, we say “Black Lives Matter” because their lives can often matter less in the eyes of justice system structures, from police to courts.

We see constant examples of Black people getting maimed and killed by those who are sworn to protect their communities, to the point we can call it a pattern in certain cities, and there is more and more data every day to back it up.

We also see trends of white people weaponizing the police against black people doing every day things like having a barbecuebeing in a park, or using their own recreational facilities where they live.  One must concede that there aren’t examples of black people using the biases of a system that way against white people.

But the rioters and the looters!

No organization around Black Lives Matter actually condones rioting and looting, and the peaceful protesters outnumber the rioters/looters 1,000:1 or more.  There is little overlap between the two groups, and you can use this logical sequence:

If all the peaceful protesters are forced to go home or rounded up during curfew, and all of the looting happens after that, then how can they be the same group of people?

Another point to make is that in cities where the cops didn’t show in riot gear with weapons expecting a riot, there weren’t any riotsNo riot cops, no riots.  Riots don’t start with provocation, and treating peaceful citizens like the enemy is provocation.

It is helpful to note that there is substantial evidence from the FBI and other government agencies that the looters are actually white supremacist groups looking to cause chaos, and undermine the message.  Remind them that if they do not believe the FBI, there is no more reliable intelligence source regarding this than the central federal investigative body for the entire United States.  An examination of all existing Justice Department cases on protesters (which is public information) also found that there is no evidence of Antifa planning, although there was evidence of white-supremacist tampering.

Regardless of the relatively small amount of destruction, if we ignore the greater message, this will inevitably happen again.

If anyone tries to invoke MLK, read them this quote by him from 1966 and ask if it seems familiar or relevant:

“Let me say as I’ve always said, and I will always continue to say, that riots are socially destructive and self-defeating. … But in the final analysis, a riot is the language of the unheard. And what is it that America has failed to hear? It has failed to hear that the plight of the Negro poor has worsened over the last few years. It has failed to hear that the promises of freedom and justice have not been met. And it has failed to hear that large segments of white society are more concerned about tranquility and the status quo than about justice, equality, and humanity. And so in a real sense our nation’s summers of riots are caused by our nation’s winters of delay. And as long as America postpones justice, we stand in the position of having these recurrences of violence and riots over and over again.”

They should protest more peacefully!

Colin Kaepernick peacefully protested for years about police and suburban America verbally spat on him and the league blackballed him.  LeBron James tried to discuss police violence and he was told to “shut up and dribble“.  Black Lives Matter and related organizations have never stopped holding smaller protests all across the nation.

The nation ignored them at best, and mocked them or threatened them at worst.

Now, after a seemingly endless series of tragic examples, we’re witnessing a breaking point of anger, sadness, and frustration from people of every age and race across the nation, and that’s why the protests have been so volatile.

White people are police brutality victims too!

Yes, but there is no pattern of brutality measurable for white people.  Rather than bicker about that, the main point to get across here is that all the reforms pushed by the BLM movement, from body cams, to demilitarization, to better training – would equally help white communities as well.

There is nothing that the BLM movement asks for that would take anything away from any communities, white or otherwise, and would fix critical holes in impoverished ones.

People online love to throw this chart around:

number-of-people-shot-to-death-by-police-in-us

However, this obscures the fact that there are far more white people in the US than black people – this chart in fact proves the point that Black people are disproportionately killed by police; black people are 12.5 percent of the population, yet nearly 35 percent of the deaths. Meanwhile, white people are 75 percent of the population and less than half of the deaths.  Those percentages would be equal if the killing was proportional.

Lastly, to prove that BLM is not exclusionary, consider that Black Lives Matter organizations are the only ones that give white victims of police brutality a voice too, like Daniel Shaver.  “All Lives Matter” is nothing more than an empty platitude…”they” have never come together to raise money or awareness for anything. Not once for any life.

Aren’t black communities more likely to do and sell drugs?

No.  The resounding answer is no.  By every academically dependable study, drug use and sales among black people and white people are about equal, but black people are 2.7 times more likely to be arrested than any other race for it.  Unfair, right?  These are the things that BLM activists fight against.

Research from the University of Michigan and the United States Sentencing Commission (and lots more) found that once arrested, black men will face far harsher sentencing than their white counterparts, even when controlling for things like criminal history.

People often think of a criminal going through the system in a vacuum, but a decades long jail sentence for a petty drug offence doesn’t just ruin one life; it takes away a father or mother and breaks down family stability, creating a cycle of disfunction as this plays out over millions of occasions around the country, and the result is that whole communities are disrupted and unable to thrive.

If at this point, they don’t agree that things are super unfair, they are no longer arguing in good faith.

Why can we say “Black Power” but not “White Power”?

Black Power is a term that is again, meant to achieve equal rights for one group, rather than take anything away from another group.  It is to achieve equality, not superiority. Once black communities and individuals are seen equal in the eyes of state structures from police, to courts, to education, to the job market, the necessity of the call will lessen.

White Power, on the other hand, is not and has not ever been used to gain lacking rights for white people, because whiteness is not an obstacle in American society.  Instead, the term has always been used to justify White Supremacy – and as a way to take away rights from other people solely based on their skin, like voting rights, access to schools, and the right and safety to start businesses.

Until civil rights activists start saying things like “We want to take ______ away from white communities!” you have nothing to fear from the concept of Black Power.

It’s just Liberals making problems up to complain about!

Not only did all 50 States hold protests, but also every single continent but Antartica.  Thousands filled the streets in Germany, France, New Zealand, Japan, and more.

Furthermore, international organizations like Amnesty International have warned of likely human rights abuses stemming from the police crushing peaceful protests with riot gear and violent weapons.

If they still believe it is solely a liberal issue, perhaps they should review what exactly “liberal” means in their eyes.  It appears the entire planet can recognize clear and fixable issues with U.S. policing that much of right-wing America refuses to accept.

It’s not a race issue, it’s a class issue.

They’re correct in that it is a class issue, but they ignore the fact that in all of American history, race has been inseparably connected to class.

When you consider that the Segregation Era only began ending in 1968, a time when policy was created specifically to keep black people in the lower class (including refusing them housing in entire towns, or entire job positions)…

And that before that was the post-Slavery Reconstruction Era…

And before that was three full centuries of pure, brutal, humans-sold-as-property slavery…

When exactly did black communities have any time or path to separate themselves from a lower class existence? Even today, we see policy remnants that unequitably damage black communities and impede their progress, and those are the things that Black Lives Matter activists are trying to fix. (See History for a fuller explanation)

Logical Points & Concessions

  • On the subject of rioting vs. police violence against protesters: a group of protesters is a mob of strangers with no barrier to entry and no roster – any person with nefarious intention could ostensibly join the mob, and any other member can only be so responsible for another stranger.  It is unrealistic to blame the organized peaceful protesters for the few troublemaking strangers who joined the mob.  A police squad is a uniformed, rostered group who all know who each other are and have discussed tactics beforehand.  If they shoot rubber bullets at or tear gas protesters, it’s because it was part of the strategy, and thus they can be held more responsible as a unit.  A mob of strangers cannot be held to the same standard as a trained, strategized peacekeeping force.
  • Logical Point: Imagine all of the George Floyds who weren’t caught on camera, or didn’t die, but only got seriously hurt and traumatized.
  • Logical Point: “Racism is not getting worse, it’s getting filmed,” – Will Smith; that is to say, imagine all of the cases like Philando Castile or George Floyd that we didn’t see because we didn’t all have video cameras in our pockets.
  • Logical Point/Concession: Importantly, there is little centralization or standardization for training, disciplinary record-keeping, or hiring/evaluation methods at a national level, and that needs to change. Certain departments have standards and training at levels far below others, making generalization harder to make.
  • Concession: Since Ferguson, some departments have been making real progress in switching to community policing methods to great effect – know what your municipality has and hasn’t done and use it to bolster or justify your argument.
  • Logical Point: Often, disciplinary records are non-existant or can’t be accessed by the public, which would be a common sense place to start for reform, and an example of one of the things that the BLM movement fights for that benefits all communities.

History

Racism and the War on Drugs

Explaining the history of American racism and how it is tied to law enforcement and the War on Drugs is difficult to do over one web page, let alone one comment. The main point to get across is that in the history of the United States, Law Enforcement and drug laws have always been used as a tool to enforce racist policies that arise when a minority group’s upward social mobility is perceived to be a threat to white society and/or jobs.  There are many instances of this:

The most recent and damaging wave of this type of policy came in the 1980’s, as America felt a squeeze on traditional blue collar jobs during a major recession, Crack-cocaine became the politician and media-hyped scourge that threatened peaceful suburbia. In 1986, Congress passed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act, which set incredibly severe penalties, and mandatory minimum sentences for certain drugs, including a 100:1 sentencing disparity between crack cocaine, a drug associated with poor black communities and powder cocaine, a drug associated with upper class white usage. Someone caught with 1 gram of crack is punished like someone with 100 grams of powder, despite the fact that the only difference between the two substances is water and baking soda.  This is the kind of thing that activists mean when they say “racist drug policy“.  As people in black communities were given absurdly harsh sentences for petty, non-violent drug offences, families were torn apart, kids lost parents, and a cycle of poverty was created that has wracked poor black communities ever since.

Only as recently as the Obama administration has this sentencing disparity been brought down to 18:1 through much campaigning by activist groups and legal groups, but it’s still not enough for what is essentially two forms of the exact same drug.

The Lasting Effects of Jim Crow and Segregation; and Why Race is Tied to Class

People must be reminded that MLK Jr. would only be as old as Barbara Walters had he not been assassinated, and the Civil Rights Act was passed 6 days after he died (and after 110 American cities rioted for 6 days straight).

Prior to that, black people could be denied employment, housing, and education simply based on the color of their skin and thus were not able to participate in the middle class economy of white suburban America.  The inner city areas that black people moved to during The Great Migration in search of manufacturing jobs were redlined from crucial economic necessities like banking and commercial mortgages.  Their lower class status was baked into the nature of segregation; black people quite literally could not move into white middle-class suburbia by Federal Housing Administration mandate, with police forces enforcing these racist laws and racist invisible boundaries.  That was only a few decades ago, and no one can expect that generational poverty to be overcome in such a short amount of time; in fact, the economic and social recovery of black communities in this amount of time, given these enormous hurdles, is quite remarkable.

Angles to Avoid

ACAB (All Cops Are Bastards)

Listen, given some of the images we see as of late it’s very easy to feel this way.

However, if you want a constructive conversation with someone who already doesn’t see your way, you’re going to get nowhere with this and further validate their view of you as a…”lawless anarchist” or whatever.

Many cops do love their jobs and believe in protecting the people, and we’ll always need law enforcement in some capacity even after major reform and defunding efforts; it’s about rooting out the bad ones, training and supporting good ones, and relieving roles like therapy and addiction services off of police authority.

Focusing overtly on the police force itself

Many police are just the face and pawns for an unfair justice system that is rooted in politicians and bad legislation, and police are encouraged to enforce seemingly good laws on a micro level (i.e. rounding up petty drug offenders), but ultimately destructive on a community level.  I would not be surprised if many of them were not educated on these sociological effects, which can understandably breed frustration when they’re both doing what they’re ordered, and doing what seems like, at least at first glance, the right thing.

Incentive systems and promotions are (incorrectly) based on quantity of arrests rather than community service.  Within the justice system, individual policemen likely have the least agency to change the structures with which they work.  They’re just the most obvious culprit.

Politicians, the private-prison industry lobbyists who convince them to pass incredibly destructive laws like prison occupancy quotas to keep for-profit prison’s margins high, and private companies who drive military surplus towards police departments, have far more culpability in driving mass-incarceration and brutal policing than the enforcement end of the whole system.

Pushing good cops to quit

If all good cops, or even neutral cops quit…what will be left? How is having a force of all the worst cops a solution?  It seems like a good incentive for departments to push through more trainees or lower their standards…not ideal.  Full department evaluations and mass firings of questionable cops by citizens-only review boards seems like a better angle.  Realistically, many local police would be totally happy to abide by community policing standards and have the temperance and abilities to do so – don’t discourage them.

I’ve never had to call the police, so what do we need police at all for?

It’s always men who are saying this.  Yes, you might have abs and guns to defend yourself with, but not every person in the country is a burly man like you.  Domestic violence happens.  Child abuse happens.  Elder abuse happens.

Defunding really means taking money away from the militarized police forces to fund social services and abuse programs rather than the prison cycle.  As long as there are bar fights, domestic violence, and sex crimes, there will always be need for an investigative, protective force.  It’s just about not making them do all the other stuff, and using prison to fix everything. Even when we tear down departments as they are, completely rebuild them from the ground up in a community model, perhaps give them a new name, it’ll still be in effect, the police.

Yes, over time these programs will create a better society that has less violence and fraud, which will further reduce the need for enforcement (a la Demolition Man), but we are not in that world yet.

What to Play

The House I Live In

Eugene Jarecki

For the past 40 years, the war on drugs has resulted in more than 45 million arrests, $1 trillion dollars in government spending, and America’s role as the world’s largest jailer. Yet for all that, drugs are cheaper, purer, and more available than ever. Filmed in more than twenty states, The House I Live In captures heart-wrenching stories of those on the front lines — from the dealer to the grieving mother, the narcotics officer to the senator, the inmate to the federal judge — and offers a penetrating look at the profound human rights implications of America’s longest war.

(available free without sign-in on Tubi)

13th

Ava DuVernay

In this thought-provoking documentary, scholars, activists and politicians analyze the criminalization of African Americans and the U.S. prison boom.

(available on Netflix)

What to Read

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness

Michelle Alexander

In The New Jim Crow, Michelle Alexander argues that mass incarceration is the single most pressing civil rights issue of the 21st century. Tracing the history of the prison boom from the Reconstruction to the War on Drugs, Alexander’s informative and enraging account will open your eyes and spur you to action

(purchase link from Powell’s)

The End of Policing

Alex S. Vitale

This book attempts to spark public discussion by revealing the tainted origins of modern policing as a tool of social control. It shows how the expansion of police authority is inconsistent with community empowerment, social justice—even public safety. Drawing on groundbreaking research from across the world, and covering virtually every area in the increasingly broad range of police work, Alex Vitale demonstrates how law enforcement has come to exacerbate the very problems it is supposed to solve.

(eBook currently available free on Verso)

 

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